Ultrasound Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer in Asymptomatic Menopausal Women

Over recent years, incidence of endometrial carcinoma has shown an upward trend being the sixth more common cancer in women worldwide. Accurate preoperative evaluation is needed in order to select patients with high risk for endometrial cancer. Measurement of endometrial thickness is an important tool in the assessment of women with postmenopausal bleeding, but the role of endometrial thickness measurement by ultrasound in asymptomatic women is unclear. Definitive diagnosis is based on histopathology after endometrial sampling or biopsy. Prevalence of endometrial cancer in an unselected postmenopausal population is very low, and endometrial thickness measurement in this population cannot achieve a sufficiently high sensitivity to provide additional reassurance to women with a negative test or achieve a sufficiently high specificity to justify further invasive testing in women with a positive test. The future of endometrial cancer prevention and management might be biomarkers which are already gaining popularity among peers.