Time gap distribution of bus alighting in tunnel fires

被引：4

作者：

Chung, Hung-Chieh ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Seike, Miho ^{[4
,5
]}

Kawabata, Nobuyoshi ^{[6
]}

Hasegawa, Masato ^{[7
,8
]}

Chien, Shen-Wen ^{[9
]}

Shen, Tzu-Sheng ^{[9
]}

机构：

[1] Kanazawa Univ, Grad Sch Nat Sci & Technol, Div Mech Sci & Engn, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920, Japan

[2] Kaohsiung City Fire Bur, 119,Kaixuan 4th Rd, Kaohsiung 806, Taiwan

[3] Da Yeh Univ, Fire Protect & Safety Engn Technol Program, 168 Univ Rd, Changhua 51591, Taiwan

[4] Toyama Prefectural Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Mech Syst Engn, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 9390398, Japan

[5] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Adv Sci & Engn, Dev Sci Field Transdisciplinary Sci & Engn TSE Pr, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398529, Japan

[6] Komatsu Univ, Fac Prod Syst Engn & Sci, Nu 1-3,Shicho Machi, Komatsu 9238511, Japan

[7] Kanazawa Univ, Fac Mech Engn, Inst Sci & Engn, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201164, Japan

[8] Ishikawa Coll, Dept Mech Engn, Natl Inst Technol, Tsubata, Ishikawa 9290392, Japan

[9] Cent Police Univ, Dept Fire Sci, 56 Shujen Rd, Taoyuan 33304, Taiwan

来源：

FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL | 2021年 / 120卷

关键词：

Tunnel; Fire; Bus; Evacuation; Modeling; Statistics; Risk analysis; Time gap; EVACUATION SPEED; SMOKE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103152

中图分类号：

TU [建筑科学];

学科分类号：

0813 ;

摘要：

To understand time gaps during bus evacuation to conduct high-quality risk analysis of tunnel fires, this study collected time gaps from the Hsuehshan tunnel fire in Taiwan, experimental bus evacuations, and observed bus alighting. Based on the analysis of Hsuehshan tunnel fire, two situations were manifested: one wherein the bus passengers alighted normally as if it was a usual bus experience with no urgent requirement to evacuate (evacuees one to seven) and another associated with an urgency to evacuate (evacuees 8-19). We applied the results of the analysis in the Hsuehshan tunnel fire incident to investigate the time gaps from experiments and observations by dividing it into two groups: non-urgent and urgent. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate suitable probability distribution curves to describe the time gap distributions. The lognormal and gamma distributions show relatively good performance in approximating time gap data in non-urgent and urgent situations. Moreover, when comparing the time gaps of bus evacuation during the Hsuehshan tunnel fire accident, the urgent and non-urgent group time gaps corresponded to the assorted Stage II (52%) and Stage I (65%) of the Hsuehshan tunnel fire, respectively.

引用

页数：10

共 30 条

[1] Evacuating a rolled-over school bus: Considerations for young evacuees [J].