A Renewed Focus on the Association Between Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism

被引:122
作者
Duntas, Leonidas H. [1 ]
Brenta, Gabriela [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Athens, Unit Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Thyroid Sect, Evgenideion Hosp, Athens, Greece
[2] Dr Cesar Milstein Hosp, Thyroid Sect, Unit Endocrinol & Metab, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
来源
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY | 2018年 / 9卷
关键词
cholesterol; LDL; TSH; hypothyroidism; triglyceride; thyroxine; HEPATIC LIPASE ACTIVITY; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; CHOLESTEROL; POPULATION; LIPOPROTEINS; DISEASE; PREVALENCE; RECEPTOR;
D O I
10.3389/fendo.2018.00511
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Thyroid dysfunction, manifesting as either overt or subclinical hypothyroidism, negatively affects lipidmetabolism: this leads to hypercholesterolemia which progressively increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and, potentially, mortality. Hypercholesterolemia in hypothyroidism is mainly due to a reduction in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity, this accompanied by concomitant diminishing control by triiodothyronine (T3) of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), which modulates cholesterol biosynthesis by regulating rate-limit degrading enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA) activity. Recently, 3,5-diiodothyronine (T2), a natural thyroid hormone derivative, was found to repress the transcription factor carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) and also to be involved in lipid catabolism and lipogenesis, though via a different pathway than that of T3. While thyroid hormone could therapeutically reverse the dyslipidemic profile commonly occurring in hypothyroidism, it should be borne in mind that the potency of the effects may be age-and sex-dependent. Thyroid hormone administration possibly also sustains and enhances the efficacy of hypolipidemic drugs, such as statins, ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), in patients with dyslipidemia and hypothyroidism.
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页数:10
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