Short and longterm outcomes for patients with systemic rheumatic diseases admitted to intensive care units: A prognostic study of 181 patients

Objective. To determine shea and longterm outcomes and prognostic factors for patients with systemic rheumatic diseases admitted to intensive care units in 4 teaching hospitals. Methods. All adult intensive care unit admissions over a 12 year period for systemic rheumatic diseases were retrospectively assessed. One hundred and eighty-one patients with a mean age of 57 +/- 17 years were studied. Results. The death rate in intensive care units was 33% (59/181) and in-hospital mortality was 43% (77/181). One hundred and four patients were discharged alive from hospital; 40 died during followup (mean 105 +/- 7 mo). The estimated 5 year survival rate for the discharged patients was 69%. The 4 factors significantly associated with in-hospital mortality by multivariate analysis were simplified acute physiologic score (p = 10(-4)), poor prior health status (p = 10(-4)), corticosteroid administration (p = 0.005), and the reason for admission; mortality was higher in the group admitted to intensive care for infectious complication (55 versus 34% for others; p = 0.006). In contrast, in-hospital mortality was not influenced by age or by systemic rheumatic diseases. Using Cox's model, only age over 60 years was a prognostic factor significantly associated with an increase in longterm mortality (p = 10(-4)). Conclusion. The short term outcome for patients with systemic rheumatic diseases in intensive care units was poor. The longterm prognosis after hospital discharge appeared fair, although the standardized mortality ratio was 5-fold that of a nonselected population. Short and longterm prognoses were similar for different systemic rheumatic disease groups.