The possibility of using shogaol for treatment of ulcerative colitis

Objective(s): This study aimed to investigate the effect of Shogaol on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice compared to an immune-suppressant chemotherapeutic medicine, known as 6-thioguanine (6-TG). Materials and Methods: Thirty-six adult BALB/c mice were divided into six groups: group 1 (positive control): no DSS exposure and no treatment; group 2 (negative control): DSS exposure without treatment; group 3 (vehicle control): DSS exposure and olive oil treatment; group 4: DSS exposure and 0.3 mg/kg 6-TG treatment; group 5: DSS exposure and 20 mg/kg Shogaol treatment; and group 6: DSS exposure and 40 mg/kg Shogaol treatment. At day 16, the mice were euthanized and UC was evaluated according to colon length, histologically index score and expression scores of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Results: The disease activity index (DAI) and histological index scores of mice treated with 40 mg/kg body weight (BW) Shogaol were approximately lower than the corresponding scores of mice treated with 6-TG. In addition, the rate of healing in the former mice was approximately 3 folds higher than that of the latter ones as indicated by the lack of EGFR expression in colonic glands and macrophages. Conclusion: These findings showed that the therapeutic effect of 40 mg/kg BW Shogaol could be better than 6-TG in the treatment of UC, and it may draw the attention regarding the priority of using this cheap plant-derived substance for treatment of the inflammatory bowel diseases because treatment with 6-TG is usually associated with adverse side effects.