Complications of Botulinum toxin A: An update review

被引：20

作者：

Kroumpouzos, George ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Kassir, Martin ^{[4
]}

Gupta, Mrinal ^{[5
]}

Patil, Anant ^{[6
]}

Goldust, Mohamad ^{[7
]}

机构：

[1] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Dept Dermatol, Providence, RI USA

[2] Med Sch Jundiai, Dept Dermatol, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[3] GK Dermatol PC, South Weymouth, MA USA

[4] Worldwide Laser Inst, Dallas, TX USA

[5] Treatwell Skin Ctr, Jammu, India

[6] Dr DY Patil Med Coll, Dept Pharmacol, Navi Mumbai, India

[7] Univ Med Ctr Mainz, Dept Dermatol, Mainz, Germany

来源：

JOURNAL OF COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY | 2021年 / 20卷 / 06期

关键词：

Botulinum toxin A; complications; treatment; FACIAL REJUVENATION; ADVERSE-REACTIONS; COSMETIC USE; INJECTIONS; FACE; LINES; MANAGEMENT; FILLERS; EVENTS; BOTOX;

D O I：

10.1111/jocd.14160

中图分类号：

R75 [皮肤病学与性病学];

学科分类号：

100206 ;

摘要：

Cosmetic surgery procedures have increased manifolds all over the world owing to the ever-increasing demand of people to look beautiful and young. Injectable treatments like botulinum toxin are becoming more popular owing to their rapid, well-defined, and lasting results for the reduction of facial fine lines, wrinkles, and facial rejuvenation. These emerging treatments are quite safe but can have certain adverse effects. In this article, we have highlighted the complications and side effects of botulinum toxin based on the anatomical location. The possible causes and precautions to prevent these complications are also discussed. The search of literature included peer-reviewed articles including clinical trials and scientific reviews. Literature was identified from electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed) through January 2021 and references of respective articles and only the articles published in English language were included.

引用

页码：1585 / 1590

页数：6

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