The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope IV. Capabilities and predicted performance for exoplanet characterization

被引：120

作者：

Ferruit, P. ^{[1
]}

Jakobsen, P. ^{[2
]}

Giardino, G. ^{[3
]}

Rawle, T. ^{[4
]}

Alves de Oliveira, C. ^{[1
]}

Arribas, S. ^{[5
]}

Beck, T. L. ^{[6
]}

Birkmann, S. ^{[4
]}

Boker, T. ^{[4
]}

Bunker, A. J. ^{[8
]}

Chariot, S. ^{[9
]}

de Marchi, G. ^{[10
]}

Franx, M. ^{[11
]}

Henry, A. ^{[6
]}

Karakla, D. ^{[6
]}

Kassin, S. A. ^{[6
,7
]}

Kumari, N. ^{[12
]}

Lopez-Caniego, M. ^{[13
]}

Lutzgendorf, N. ^{[4
]}

Maiolino, R. ^{[14
]}

Manjavacas, E. ^{[12
]}

Marston, A. ^{[1
]}

Moseley, S. H. ^{[15
]}

Muzerolle, J. ^{[6
]}

Pirzkal, N. ^{[12
]}

Rauscher, B. ^{[16
]}

Rix, H-W ^{[17
]}

Sabbi, E. ^{[6
]}

Sirianni, M. ^{[4
]}

te Plate, M. ^{[4
]}

Valenti, J. ^{[6
]}

Willott, C. J. ^{[18
]}

Zeidler, P. ^{[12
]}

机构：

[1] European Space Agcy, European Space Astron Ctr, Madrid, Spain

[2] Univ Copenhagen, Cosm Dawn Ctr, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark

[3] ATG Europe European Space Agcy, European Space Res & Technol Ctr, Noordwijk, Netherlands

[4] European Space Agcy, Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD USA

[5] CSIC INTA, Dept Astrofis, Ctr Astrobiol, CAB, Madrid, Spain

[6] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[7] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[8] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England

[9] Sorbonne Univ, Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Paris, France

[10] European Space Agcy, European Space Res & Technol Ctr, Noordwijk, Netherlands

[11] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Leiden, Netherlands

[12] AURA European Space Agcy, Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD USA

[13] Aurora Technol European Space Agcy, European Space Astron Ctr, Madrid, Spain

[14] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge, England

[15] Quantum Circuits Inc, New Haven, CT USA

[16] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA

[17] Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, Germany

[18] Natl Res Council Canada, NRC Herzberg, Victoria, BC, Canada

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2022年 / 661卷

关键词：

space vehicles; instruments; instrumentation; spectrographs; techniques; spectroscopic; planets and satellites; atmospheres; methods; observational;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/202142673

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We provide an overview of the capabilities and performance of the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope when used in its multi-object spectroscopy (MOS) mode employing a novel Micro Shutter Array (MSA) slit device. The MSA consists of four separate 98 '' x 91 '' quadrants each containing 365 x 171 individually addressable shutters whose open areas on the sky measure 0.20 '' x 0.46 '' on a 0.27 '' x 0.53 '' pitch. This is the first time that a configurable multi-object spectrograph has been available on a space mission. The levels of multiplexing achievable with NIRSpec MOS mode are quantified and we show that NIRSpec will be able to observe typically fifty to two hundred objects simultaneously with the pattern of close to a quarter of a million shutters provided by the MSA. This pattern is fixed and regular, and we identify the specific constraints that it yields for NIRSpec observation planning. In particular, the roll angle at which a given NIRSpec MSA observation will be executed will, in most cases, not be known before the observation is actually scheduled. As a consequence, NIRSpec users planning MOS mode observations cannot at the proposal stage know precisely which subset of their intended targets will be observable, and will therefore need to intentionally oversize their submitted target catalogues accordingly. We also present the data processing and calibration steps planned for the NIRSpec MOS data. The significant variation in size of the mostly diffraction-limited instrument point spread function over the large wavelength range of 0.6-5.3 mu m covered by the instrument, combined with the fact that most targets observed with the MSA cannot be expected to be perfectly centred within their respective slits, makes the spectrophotometric and wavelength calibration of the obtained spectra particularly complex. This is reflected by the inclusion of specific steps such as the wavelength zero-point correction nd the relative path loss correction in the NIRSpec data processing and calibration flow. The processing of spectra of morphologically extended targets will require additional attention and development. These challenges notwithstanding, the sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities anticipated of NIRSpec in MOS mode are unprecedented, and should enable significant progress to be made in addressing a wide range of outstanding astrophysical problems.

引用

页数：16

共 22 条

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