Celosia argentea leaf extract-mediated green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles for bio-applications

Biosynthesis is an important method for synthesizing nanoparticles at low cost, also they should be environmentally friendly, with tunable properties, and should possess potency applications than the synthetic method. The iron oxide nanoparticles were efficiently biosynthesized using the leaf extract of Celosia argentea. The phytochemicals in Celosia argentea leaves' extract were analyzed. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized for knowing their structural, elemental, and optical properties using analytical techniques. The obtained results confirmed the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles with SPR band at 299 nm in high crystalline nature. The Fe-O bonding was validated. The particles formed in spherical shape with 5-10 nm size. The Fe and O occurrence was further confirmed from Fe and O spots in the mapping spectrum. The bioactive medicinal property of synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles was known from biofilm activity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and larvicidal activities. The antibacterial activity which is depicted by the high zone of inhibition was observed at 19 mm (E. coli) and 25 mm (S. aureus) with 150 mu g/mL concentration. At 150 mu g/mL concentration, a higher inhibition rate was observed for biofilm activity. A higher activity was unveiled at 97% in 80 mu g/mL concentration for antioxidant activity. The high activity was obtained at 93% and 87% in 500 mu g/mL concentration for anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities, respectively. An increased level of death rate of Anopheles subpictus, larvae were incurred at 24 h in 100 ppm and 48 h in 80 and 100 ppm. In MTT analysis, the high inhibition of 86% was achieved at 50 mu g/mL concentration. Thus, all these results convey that the synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles may be utilized as antibiotic drugs and pesticides.