Low-carbon economic dispatch and energy sharing method of multiple Integrated Energy Systems from the perspective of System of Systems

This paper mainly focuses on the low-carbon economic dispatch and energy sharing method of multiple Integrated Energy Systems (IES) from the perspective of System of Systems. First, a new model of carbon quota allocation and trading considering carbon balance and carbon sharing among multiple systems is established, and a low-carbon economic dispatch and energy sharing framework based on efficient utilization of regional carbon quota is proposed. Then, a Stackelberg game-based optimization model is proposed for energy service provider (ESP) and IES groups based on the collaborative optimization of IES and carbon transaction cost, where the ESP acts as a leader who chooses proper interactive price to promote energy sharing within the system while IES serves as a follower who minimizes its operation cost in response to the interactive price set by ESP. Moreover, the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium are analyzed and a decentralized solution algorithm is suggested to reach the goal of optimal energy sharing and optimal operation. Finally, the case study of a joint energy sharing system containing three regional IESs are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can not only increase profit of ESP and IES, but helpful to promote the optimal utilization of energy resources and the optimal distribution of carbon emission quota among energy systems.(c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.