Manure contaminated with the antibiotic sulfadiazine impairs the abundance of nirK- and nirS-type denitrifiers in the gut of the earthworm Eisenia fetida
The antibiotic sulfadiazine (SDZ) can affect denitrifying bacteria in soil. However, effects on denitrifiers in the gut of earthworms have not been described so far. Therefore, the influence of SDZ-contaminated manure applied to soil on denitrifiers in the gut of the earthworm Eisenia fetida was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction targeting genes coding for nirK- and nirS-type nitrite reductases of denitrifiers. Gut contents of Eisenia fetida contained 2.5 x 10(6) and 5.1 x 10(5) gene copies of nirK and nirS, respectively, after 2 weeks in soils amended with manure only. Copy numbers of nirK and nirS in gut contents from manure treatments with SDZ were up to ten times less. Overall, the data indicate a negative impact of SDZ on denitrifiers in the gut of earthworms.
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Shandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Li, Fenge
Li, Mingcong
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Shandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Li, Mingcong
Shi, Wenchong
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Shandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shi, Wenchong
Li, Han
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Shandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Li, Han
Sun, Zhongtao
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Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Sun, Zhongtao
Gao, Zheng
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Shandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China
East China Normal Univ, State Key Lab Estuarine & Coastal Res, Shanghai, Peoples R ChinaShandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China