197 CANDIDATES AND 104 VALIDATED PLANETS IN K2's FIRST FIVE FIELDS

被引：156

作者：

Crossfield, Ian J. M. ^{[1
,29
]}

Ciardi, David R. ^{[2
]}

Petigura, Erik A. ^{[3
]}

Sinukoff, Evan ^{[4
]}

Schlieder, Joshua E. ^{[2
,5
]}

Howard, Andrew W. ^{[4
]}

Beichman, Charles A. ^{[2
]}

Isaacson, Howard ^{[6
]}

Dressing, Courtney D. ^{[3
]}

Christiansen, Jessie L. ^{[2
]}

Fulton, Benjamin J. ^{[4
]}

Lepine, Sebastien ^{[7
]}

Weiss, Lauren ^{[6
]}

Hirsch, Lea ^{[6
]}

Livingston, John ^{[8
]}

Baranec, Christoph ^{[9
]}

Law, Nicholas M. ^{[10
]}

Riddle, Reed ^{[11
]}

Ziegler, Carl ^{[10
]}

Howell, Steve B.

Horch, Elliott ^{[12
]}

Everett, Mark ^{[13
]}

Teske, Johanna ^{[14
]}

Martinez, Arturo O. ^{[7
,15
]}

Obermeier, Christian ^{[16
]}

Benneke, Bjorn ^{[3
]}

Scott, Nic ^{[17
]}

Deacon, Niall ^{[18
]}

Aller, Kimberly M. ^{[4
]}

Hansen, Brad M. S. ^{[19
,20
]}

Mancini, Luigi ^{[16
]}

Ciceri, Simona ^{[16
,21
]}

Brahm, Rafael ^{[22
]}

Jordan, Andres ^{[22
,23
]}

Knutson, Heather A. ^{[3
]}

Henning, Thomas ^{[16
]}

Bonnefoy, Michael ^{[24
,25
]}

Liu, Michael C. ^{[4
]}

Crepp, Justin R. ^{[26
]}

Lothringer, Joshua ^{[1
]}

Hinz, Phil

Bailey, Vanessa ^{[27
]}

Skemer, Andrew ^{[27
,28
,29
]}

Defrere, Denis ^{[24
,25
,30
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, 1629 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[2] NASA, CALTECH, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA USA

[3] CALTECH, Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[4] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

[5] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA

[6] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[7] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA

[8] Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[9] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Hilo, HI USA

[10] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[11] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[12] Southern Connecticut State Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA

[13] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA

[14] Carnegie Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC USA

[15] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA

[16] Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, Germany

[17] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Redfern, Australia

[18] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield, Herts, England

[19] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA USA

[20] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA

[21] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[22] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile

[23] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile

[24] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[25] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[26] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA

[27] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ USA

[28] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[29] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[30] Univ Liege, Dept Astrophys Geophys & Oceanog, B-4000 Cointe Ougree, Belgium

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES | 2016年 / 226卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 美国国家航空航天局;

关键词：

catalogs; planets and satellites: fundamental parameters; planets and satellites: general; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic; EARTH-SIZE PLANETS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; HOT JUPITER; TRANSIT CANDIDATES; ECLIPSING BINARIES; KEPLER OBJECTS; SUPER-EARTH; M DWARFS; BLEND SCENARIOS; PAN-STARRS;

D O I：

10.3847/0067-0049/226/1/7

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present 197 planet candidates discovered using data from the first year of the NASA K2 mission (Campaigns 0-4), along with the results of an intensive program of photometric analyses, stellar spectroscopy, high-resolution imaging, and statistical validation. We distill these candidates into sets of 104 validated planets (57 in multi-planet systems), 30 false positives, and 63 remaining candidates. Our validated systems span a range of properties, with median values of R-P = 2.3 R-circle plus, P = 8.6 days, T-eff = 5300 K, and Kp = 12.7 mag. Stellar spectroscopy provides precise stellar and planetary parameters for most of these systems. We show that K2 has increased by 30% the number of small planets known to orbit moderately bright stars (1-4 R-circle plus, Kp = 9-13. mag). Of particular interest are 76 planets smaller than 2 R-circle plus, 15 orbiting stars brighter than Kp = 11.5. mag, 5 receiving Earth-like irradiation levels, and several multi-planet systems-including 4 planets orbiting the M dwarf K2-72 near mean-motion resonances. By quantifying the likelihood that each candidate is a planet we demonstrate that our candidate sample has an overall false positive rate of 15%-30%, with rates substantially lower for small candidates (<2 R-circle plus) and larger for candidates with radii >8 R-circle plus and/or with P < 3 days. Extrapolation of the current planetary yield suggests that K2 will discover between 500 and 1000 planets in its planned four-year mission, assuming sufficient follow-up resources are available. Efficient observing and analysis, together with an organized and coherent follow-up strategy, are essential for maximizing the efficacy of planet-validation efforts for K2, TESS, and future large-scale surveys.

引用

页数：20

共 105 条

[41] OBSERVATIONS OF BINARY STARS WITH THE DIFFERENTIAL SPECKLE SURVEY INSTRUMENT. I. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION AND FIRST RESULTS [J].

Horch, Elliott P. ;

Veillette, Daniel R. ;

Baena Galle, Roberto ;

Shah, Sagar C. ;

O'Rielly, Grant V. ;

van Altena, William F. .

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 2009, 137 (06) :5057-5067

[42] PLANET OCCURRENCE WITHIN 0.25 AU OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS FROM KEPLER [J].

Howard, Andrew W. ;

Marcy, Geoffrey W. ;

Bryson, Stephen T. ;

Jenkins, Jon M. ;

Rowe, Jason F. ;

Batalha, Natalie M. ;

Borucki, William J. ;

Koch, David G. ;

Dunham, Edward W. ;

Gautier, Thomas N., III ;

Van Cleve, Jeffrey ;

Cochran, William D. ;

Latham, David W. ;

Lissauer, Jack J. ;

Torres, Guillermo ;

Brown, Timothy M. ;

Gilliland, Ronald L. ;

Buchhave, Lars A. ;

Caldwell, Douglas A. ;

Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen ;

Ciardi, David ;

Fressin, Francois ;

Haas, Michael R. ;

Howell, Steve B. ;

Kjeldsen, Hans ;

Seager, Sara ;

Rogers, Leslie ;

Sasselov, Dimitar D. ;

Steffen, Jason H. ;

Basri, Gibor S. ;

Charbonneau, David ;

Christiansen, Jessie ;

Clarke, Bruce ;

Dupree, Andrea ;

Fabrycky, Daniel C. ;

Fischer, Debra A. ;

Ford, Eric B. ;

Fortney, Jonathan J. ;

Tarter, Jill ;

Girouard, Forrest R. ;

Holman, Matthew J. ;

Johnson, John Asher ;

Klaus, Todd C. ;

Machalek, Pavel ;

Moorhead, Althea V. ;

Morehead, Robert C. ;

Ragozzine, Darin ;

Tenenbaum, Peter ;

Twicken, Joseph D. ;

Quinn, Samuel N. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2012, 201 (02)

[43] The Occurrence and Mass Distribution of Close-in Super-Earths, Neptunes, and Jupiters [J].

Howard, Andrew W. ;

Marcy, Geoffrey W. ;

Johnson, John Asher ;

Fischer, Debra A. ;

Wright, Jason T. ;

Isaacson, Howard ;

Valenti, Jeff A. ;

Anderson, Jay ;

Lin, Doug N. C. ;

Ida, Shigeru .

SCIENCE, 2010, 330 (6004) :653-655

[44] The K2 Mission: Characterization and Early Results [J].

Howell, Steve B. ;

Sobeck, Charlie ;

Haas, Michael ;

Still, Martin ;

Barclay, Thomas ;

Mullally, Fergal ;

Troeltzsch, John ;

Aigrain, Suzanne ;

Bryson, Stephen T. ;

Caldwell, Doug ;

Chaplin, William J. ;

Cochran, William D. ;

Huber, Daniel ;

Marcy, Geoffrey W. ;

Miglio, Andrea ;

Najita, Joan R. ;

Smith, Marcie ;

Twicken, J. D. ;

Fortney, Jonathan J. .

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC, 2014, 126 (938) :398-408

[45] KEPLER-21b: A 1.6 REarth PLANET TRANSITING THE BRIGHT OSCILLATING F SUBGIANT STAR HD 179070 [J].

Howell, Steve B. ;

Rowe, Jason F. ;

Bryson, Stephen T. ;

Quinn, Samuel N. ;

Marcy, Geoffrey W. ;

Isaacson, Howard ;

Ciardi, David R. ;

Chaplin, William J. ;

Metcalfe, Travis S. ;

Monteiro, Mario J. P. F. G. ;

Appourchaux, Thierry ;

Basu, Sarbani ;

Creevey, Orlagh L. ;

Gilliland, Ronald L. ;

Quirion, Pierre-Olivier ;

Stello, Denis ;

Kjeldsen, Hans ;

Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen ;

Elsworth, Yvonne ;

Garcia, Rafael A. ;

Houdek, Guenter ;

Karoff, Christoffer ;

Molenda-Zakowicz, Joanna ;

Thompson, Michael J. ;

Verner, Graham A. ;

Torres, Guillermo ;

Fressin, Francois ;

Crepp, Justin R. ;

Adams, Elisabeth ;

Dupree, Andrea ;

Sasselov, Dimitar D. ;

Dressing, Courtney D. ;

Borucki, William J. ;

Koch, David G. ;

Lissauer, Jack J. ;

Latham, David W. ;

Buchhave, Lars A. ;

Gautier, Thomas N., III ;

Everett, Mark ;

Horch, Elliott ;

Batalha, Natalie M. ;

Dunham, Edward W. ;

Szkody, Paula ;

Silva, David R. ;

Mighell, Ken ;

Holberg, Jay ;

Ballot, Jerome ;

Bedding, Timothy R. ;

Bruntt, Hans ;

Campante, Tiago L. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2012, 746 (02)

[46] HAT-P-56b: AN INFLATED MASSIVE HOT JUPITER TRANSITING A BRIGHT F STAR FOLLOWED UP WITH K2 CAMPAIGN 0 OBSERVATIONS [J].

Huang, C. X. ;

Hartman, J. D. ;

Bakos, G. A. ;

Penev, K. ;

Bhatti, W. ;

Bieryla, A. ;

de Val-Borro, M. ;

Latham, D. W. ;

Buchhave, L. A. ;

Csubry, Z. ;

Kovacs, G. ;

Beky, B. ;

Falco, E. ;

Berlind, P. ;

Calkins, M. L. ;

Esquerdo, G. A. ;

Lazar, J. ;

Papp, I. ;

Sari, P. .

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 2015, 150 (03)

[47] FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF STARS USING ASTEROSEISMOLOGY FROM KEPLER AND CoRoT AND INTERFEROMETRY FROM THE CHARA ARRAY [J].

Huber, D. ;

Ireland, M. J. ;

Bedding, T. R. ;

Brandao, I. M. ;

Piau, L. ;

Maestro, V. ;

White, T. R. ;

Bruntt, H. ;

Casagrande, L. ;

Molenda-Zakowicz, J. ;

Aguirre, V. Silva ;

Sousa, S. G. ;

Barclay, T. ;

Burke, C. J. ;

Chaplin, W. J. ;

Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. ;

Cunha, M. S. ;

De Ridder, J. ;

Farrington, C. D. ;

Frasca, A. ;

Garcia, R. A. ;

Gilliland, R. L. ;

Goldfinger, P. J. ;

Hekker, S. ;

Kawaler, S. D. ;

Kjeldsen, H. ;

McAlister, H. A. ;

Metcalfe, T. S. ;

Miglio, A. ;

Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G. ;

Pinsonneault, M. H. ;

Schaefer, G. H. ;

Stello, D. ;

Stumpe, M. C. ;

Sturmann, J. ;

Sturmann, L. ;

ten Brummelaar, T. A. ;

Thompson, M. J. ;

Turner, N. ;

Uytterhoeven, K. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2012, 760 (01)

[48] THE K2 ECLIPTIC PLANE INPUT CATALOG (EPIC) AND STELLAR CLASSIFICATIONS OF 138,600 TARGETS IN CAMPAIGNS 1-8 [J].

Huber, Daniel ;

Bryson, Stephen T. ;

Haas, Michael R. ;

Barclay, Thomas ;

Barentsen, Geert ;

Howell, Steve B. ;

Sharma, Sanjib ;

Stello, Dennis ;

Thompson, Susan E. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2016, 224 (01)

[49] TWO HOT JUPITERS FROM K2 CAMPAIGN 4 [J].

Johnson, Marshall C. ;

Gandolfi, Davide ;

Fridlund, Malcolm ;

Csizmadia, Szilard ;

Endl, Michael ;

Cabrera, Juan ;

Cochran, William D. ;

Deeg, Hans J. ;

Grziwa, Sascha ;

Ramirez, Ivan ;

Hatzes, Artie P. ;

Eigmueller, Philipp ;

Barragan, Oscar ;

Erikson, Anders ;

Guenther, Eike W. ;

Korth, Judith ;

Kuutma, Teet ;

Nespral, David ;

Paetzold, Martin ;

Palle, Enric ;

Prieto-Arranz, Jorge ;

Rauer, Heike ;

Saario, Joonas .

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 2016, 151 (06)

[50] HATS-4b: A DENSE HOT JUPITER TRANSITING A SUPER METAL-RICH G STAR [J].

Jordan, Andres ;

Brahm, Rafael ;

Bakos, G. A. ;

Bayliss, D. ;

Penev, K. ;

Hartman, J. D. ;

Zhou, G. ;

Mancini, L. ;

Mohler-Fischer, M. ;

Ciceri, S. ;

Sato, B. ;

Csubry, Z. ;

Rabus, M. ;

Suc, V. ;

Espinoza, N. ;

Bhatti, W. ;

Borro, M. de Val ;

Buchhave, L. ;

Csak, B. ;

Henning, T. ;

Schmidt, B. ;

Tan, T. G. ;

Noyes, R. W. ;

Beky, B. ;

Butler, R. P. ;

Shectman, S. ;

Crane, J. ;

Thompson, I. ;

Williams, A. ;

Martin, R. ;

Contreras, C. ;

Lazar, J. ;

Papp, I. ;

Sari, P. .

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 2014, 148 (02)

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →