Performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals: When uncertainty makes a difference

被引:90
作者
Darnon, Celine
Harackiewicz, Judith M.
Butera, Fabrizio
Mugny, Gabriel
Quiamzade, Alain
机构
[1] Univ Pierre Mendes, Grenoble, France
[2] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[3] Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
[4] Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
关键词
D O I
10.1177/0146167207301022
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Performance-avoidance goals (the desire to avoid performing more poorly than others do) have been shown to have consistently deleterious effects on performance but the effects of performance-approach goals (trying to outperform others) are more complex. Two studies examine uncertainty as a moderator of the effect of performance-approach goals on performance. Experiment 1 shows that manipulated performance-approach goals lead to better performance than do performance-avoidance goals in the absence of uncertainty about performance but when participants learn that a coactor disagreed with them about problem solutions, creating uncertainty, performance-approach goals do not differ from performance-avoidance goals in their effect on performance. Experiment 2 shows that uncertainty also moderates the effects of self-set performance-approach goals. Moreover, the same dynamic occurs with another kind of uncertainty: negative competence feedback.
引用
收藏
页码:813 / 827
页数:15
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