Duality of transmission line models for simulation of reactive circuit components

This paper presents Norton transmission line (TL) models and equivalent circuits for the simulation of reactive circuit components. These models, not only retain the obvious physical concepts of Thevenin-TL models, but also allow the nodal analysis technique to be used, overcoming the inherent difficulties in system matrix formation using the Thevenin models. The Norton models are derived and then applied to simulate a high-frequency switched mode power supply circuit. Details of the simulation process are discussed in a tutorial style.