Dynamic of submicrometer particles in urban environment

被引:8
作者
Avino, Pasquale [1 ]
Manigrasso, Maurizio [1 ]
机构
[1] INAIL Res Area, DIT, Via 4 Novembre 144, I-00184 Rome, Italy
关键词
Submicrometer particles; Ultrafine particles; Size distribution; FMPS; Radon; NOx; Urban; Atmosphere; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; ELEMENTAL CARBON; AEROSOLS; RADON; EVOLUTION; EMISSIONS; FRACTION; ROME; AREA;
D O I
10.1007/s11356-016-6752-8
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Many studies show that particle toxicity increases with decreasing their size, emphasizing the role of submicrometric particles, in particular of ultrafine particles (<100 nm). In fact, particles greater than 2.5 mu m are quickly removed through dry and wet deposition on the timescale of hours whereas submicrometer particles may reside in atmosphere for weeks, penetrate in indoor environment, and be long-range transported. High aerosol size resolution measurements are important for a correct assessment of the deposition efficiency in the human respiratory system, and time resolution is another important requisite. Starting from such considerations, time-resolved aerosol particle number size distributions have been measured in downtown Rome. Fast Mobility Particle Sizer (FMPS) and Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) measurements have been carried out at the INAIL's Pilot Station, located in downtown Rome, in an area characterized by high density of autovehicular traffic. The two instruments have allowed to investigate deeply the urban aerosol in the range of 5.6-560 and 3.5-117 nm, respectively. In particular, the FMPS measurements have confirmed the interpretation about the transition phenomena in the time interval of few seconds, timescale typically associated with the emission of gasoline and diesel engines. In downtown Rome, the hourly average size distribution is bimodal or trimodal with maxima at about 5-15, 20-30, and 70-100 nm. Particle formation in the nucleation mode was associated to freshly emitted autovehicular exhaust.
引用
收藏
页码:13908 / 13920
页数:13
相关论文
共 47 条
[1]   MONITORING OF THE NOCTURNAL MIXED-LAYER BY MEANS OF PARTICULATE RADON PROGENY MEASUREMENT [J].
ALLEGRINI, I ;
FEBO, A ;
PASINI, A ;
SCHIARINI, S .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1994, 99 (D9) :18765-18777
[2]  
Andreassi L, 2009, 2009240030 SAE, DOI [10.4271/2009-24-0030, DOI 10.4271/2009-24-0030]
[3]   Conceptual limitations and extensions of lung-deposited Nanoparticle Surface Area Monitor (NSAM) [J].
Asbach, C. ;
Fissan, H. ;
Stahlmecke, B. ;
Kuhlbusch, T. A. J. ;
Pui, D. Y. H. .
JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH, 2009, 11 (01) :101-109
[4]   Ten-year measurements of gaseous pollutants in urban air by an open-path analyzer [J].
Avino, P. ;
Manigrasso, M. .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2008, 42 (18) :4138-4148
[5]  
Avino P, 2003, ANN CHIM-ROME, V93, P589
[6]   Determination of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon particle in Rome with a thermal method [J].
Avino, P ;
Brocco, D ;
Lepore, L .
ANALYTICAL LETTERS, 2001, 34 (06) :967-974
[7]   Measurement of organic and elemental carbon in downtown Rome and background area: physical behavior and chemical speciation [J].
Avino, Pasquale ;
Manigrasso, Maurizio ;
Rosada, Alberto ;
Dodaro, Alessandro .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS, 2015, 17 (02) :300-315
[8]   Source identification of inorganic airborne particle fraction (PM10) at ultratrace levels by means of INAA short irradiation [J].
Avino, Pasquale ;
Capannesi, Geraldo ;
Rosada, Alberto .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, 2014, 21 (06) :4527-4538
[9]   Regional Deposition of Submicrometer Aerosol in the Human Respiratory System Determined at 1-s Time Resolution of Particle Size Distribution Measurements [J].
Avino, Pasquale ;
Lopez, Francesco ;
Manigrasso, Maurizio .
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH, 2013, 13 (06) :1702-1711
[10]   Deep investigation on inorganic fraction of atmospheric PM in Mediterranean area by neutron and photon activation analysis [J].
Avino, Pasquale ;
Capannesi, Geraldo ;
Manigrasso, Maurizio ;
Rosada, Alberto ;
Russo, Mario Vincenzo .
CHEMISTRY CENTRAL JOURNAL, 2013, 7