Prevalence of NAFLD and Its Correlation with Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease related to abnormality in metabolism of carbohydrates which is characterised by hyperglycemia that results from relative or absolute defect in insulin secretion, varying degrees of insulin resistance or both. Various researches have established the link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study was done for assessing the prevalence of NAFLD and its association with diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS 75 patients of type 2 diabetes were included in this study. Clinical details and demographic data of all the patients were obtained. Samples were obtained from all the patients and all the routine investigations were carried out. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen was performed in all patients after 12 hours fasting. Microsoft Excel was used for recording the results and were analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Level of significance was evaluated using chi-square test. RESULTS NAFLD was present in 57 patients. Therefore, the overall prevalence of NAFLD was see 76 %. The overall prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was 42 percent among diabetic patients. Out of 31 patients with diabetic nephropathy, NAFLD was present in 25 patients. Significant results were obtained while assessing the association of NAFLD with diabetic nephropathy in T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS NAFLD was found to be a significant risk factor for the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus.