Microorganisms Caused of Bacteremia in the Intensive Care Unit and Their Antibiotic Susceptibilities

Introduction: It is important to know the susceptibility of bacterial microorganisms in intensive care units (ICU) to appropriate empirical treatment. In this study, it was aimed to examine the microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of patients diagnosed with bacteremia in the anesthesia intensive care unit in our hospital and to contribute to appropriate antibiotic usage. Materials and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively screened the susceptibility of bacterial microorganisms isolated from the blood cultures of patients diagnosed with bacteremia with and without nosocomial infection in a tertiary intensive care unit in 2016. Data were analyzed with SPSS 22. Results: In 154 patients, 326 blood cultures were detected and contamination was observed in 60 patients. In 42 patients more than one bacteraemia was detected. It was observed that gram-negatives (52%), gram-positives (44%) and Candida spp. (4%) were isolated in blood cultures. Gram-negatives were found to be significantly higher in hospital-acquired all bloodstream infections (52% , p= 0 .001). Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella spp. were the most common microorganisms o f gram negative bacteria. Of the gram positive cocci, coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) was the first and Enterecoccus spp. was the second common isolate. The most common cause of nosocomial infection isolate was CNS (27%), and methiciiiine resistance rates were higher for CNS isolates (90%). In CNS and S. aureus induced bloodstream infections, the most effective antibiotics were found as vancomycin, teicopianin and iinezoiid. Isolated extented-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella counts are low. ESBL production rates were 57% for E. coli and 93% for Klebsiella spp. Because of high ESBL ratio, carbapenems were the most effective treatment for severe bacteremia. Carbapenemase production rate was 82%, and colistin resistance was 5% for A. baumannii isolates. For A. baumannii infections, the most effective antibiotic was colistin. All of the Pseudomonas infections were nosocomial and 23% of these isolates were resistant to carbapenems. Imipenem and meropenem antibiotics were effective for E. coli and Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp. isolates. All of the Candida isolates were susceptible for fluconasole. Conclusion: When emprical antibiotic therapy is initiated to reduce mortality and morbidity in a bloodstream infection, each hospital should monitor its own agents and antibiotic susceptibility In this study, it was seen that o f the bacteria, the rate of GSBL, methicilin and carbapenem resistance was higher than some other studies. Because of the high rate of resistance to antibiotics, clinicians must consider when initiating empirical antibiotic treatment.