Modeling and Validation of Simulation Results of an Ice Beam in Four-Point Bending Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

The goal of this article is to investigate the applicability of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to simulate four-point bending failure of an ice beam. The possibility of improving the correlation between SPH and analytical results is explored by conducting a parametric study in both 2-D and 3-D, to determine the required formulation, number of particles, and appropriate values of the parameters affecting accuracy. This study was used to validate the method for simulating elastic bending and was extended to model bending failure of an ice beam. The results were subsequently compared with results from four-point bending experiments available in literature.