A review on solar-powered cooling and air-conditioning systems for building applications

Cooling and air-conditioning systems are the primary consumers of building energy in hot and mixed climate locations. The reliance on traditional systems, driven electrically, is the main reason behind the deterioration and ever-increasing demand for energy in buildings. This is also associated with a vast amount of CO2 emissions and other environmental concerns. Solar energy has been introduced as a crucial alternative for many applications, including cooling and air-conditioning, which has been proven to be a reliable and excellent energy source. This paper presents and discusses a general overview of solar cooling and air-conditioning systems (SCACSs) used for building applications. The popular SCACSs driven by solar thermal energy are elaborated in detail, considering their operation and development aspects. A comparison among solar thermal SCACSs is performed, taking into account several technical, operational, economic and environmental indicators. Some research gaps, recommendations, and conclusions are derived from the reviewed literature to understand and further develop this essential research domain.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).