Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review

被引：106

作者：

Sansavini, Alessandra ^{[1
,2
]}

Favilla, Maria Elena ^{[3
]}

Guasti, Maria Teresa ^{[4
]}

Marini, Andrea ^{[5
,6
]}

Millepiedi, Stefania ^{[7
]}

Di Martino, Maria Valeria ^{[8
]}

Vecchi, Simona ^{[9
]}

Battajon, Nadia ^{[10
]}

Bertolo, Laura ^{[11
,12
]}

Capirci, Olga ^{[13
]}

Carretti, Barbara ^{[14
]}

Colatei, Maria Paola ^{[15
]}

Frioni, Cristina ^{[16
]}

Marotta, Luigi ^{[17
]}

Massa, Sara ^{[18
]}

Michelazzo, Letizia ^{[19
]}

Pecini, Chiara ^{[20
]}

Piazzalunga, Silvia ^{[21
]}

Pieretti, Manuela ^{[19
]}

Rinaldi, Pasquale ^{[13
]}

Salvadorini, Renata ^{[22
]}

Termine, Cristiano ^{[23
]}

Zuccarini, Mariagrazia ^{[1
]}

D'Amico, Simonetta ^{[2
,24
]}

De Cagno, Anna Giulia ^{[19
]}

Levorato, Maria Chiara ^{[2
,25
]}

Rossetto, Tiziana ^{[19
]}

Lorusso, Maria Luisa ^{[26
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Bologna, Dept Psychol Renzo Canestrari, Viale Berti Pichat 5, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[2] CLASTA Commun & Language Acquisit Studies Typ & A, Piazza Epiro 12D, I-00183 Rome, Italy

[3] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Educ & Human Sci, Viale Allegri 9, I-42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy

[4] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Psychol, Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20121 Milan, Italy

[5] Univ Udine, Dept Language & Literatures Commun Educ & Soc, Via Margreth 3, I-33100 Udine, Italy

[6] Sci Inst IRCCS Eugenio Medea, I-33078 Pordenone, Italy

[7] ATNO, Dept Mental Hlth, Via Cocchi 7-9, I-56121 Pisa, Italy

[8] Azienda Osped Colli Napoli, Hlth Profess Integrated Serv, I-80131 Naples, Italy

[9] Lazio Reg Hlth Serv, Dept Epidemiol, Via Cristoforo Colombo 112, I-00154 Rome, Italy

[10] Ca Foncello Hosp, Neonatal Intens Care Unit Mother & Child Dept, Via St Ambrogio Fiera 37, I-31100 Treviso, Italy

[11] AIRIPA Assoc Italiana Ric & Intervento Nella Psic, Via Astichello 10, I-35135 Padua, Italy

[12] Galleria G Berchet 3, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[13] CNR, Inst Cognit Sci & Technol, Via Nomentana 56, I-00161 Rome, Italy

[14] Univ Padua, Dept Gen Psychol, Via Venezia 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[15] Univ Aquila, Dept Clin Med Publ Hlth Life & Environm Sci, Piazza Santa Margherita 2, I-67100 Laquila, Italy

[16] Via Annone 1, I-00199 Rome, Italy

[17] IRCCS Bambino Gesu Childrens Hosp, Dept Intens & Robot Neurorehabil, Lungomare Marconi 36, I-00058 Rome, Italy

[18] Azienda Usl Toscana Ctr, Piazza Santa Maria Nuova 1, I-50121 Florence, Italy

[19] Federaz Logopedisti Italiani, Via Daniello Bartoli, I-00152 Rome, Italy

[20] Univ Florence, Dept Educ Languages Intercultures Literatures & P, Padigl 26,Via San Salvi 12, I-50135 Florence, Italy

[21] Univ Milan, Dept Biomed & Clin Sci L Sacco, Via GB Grassi 74, I-20157 Milan, Italy

[22] IRCCS Stella Maris Fdn, UO Neurol & Neurorehabil, Viale Tirreno 331, I-56128 Calambrone, Italy

[23] Univ Insubria, Dept Med & Surg, Via Ravasi 2, I-21100 Varese, Italy

[24] Univ Aquila, Biotechnol & Appl Clin Sci, Ple S Tommasi 1, I-67100 Coppito, Italy

[25] Univ Padua, Dept Dev Psychol & Socializat, Via Venezia 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[26] Sci Inst IRCCS E Medea, Dept Child Psychopathol, Via Don Luigi Monza 20, I-23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy

来源：

BRAIN SCIENCES | 2021年 / 11卷 / 05期

关键词：

developmental language disorder; late talkers; language delay; early predictors; screening tools; diagnostic tools; age of assessment; evidence-based medicine; EXPRESSIVE-LANGUAGE; SCREENING-TEST; LATE TALKERS; LATE-TALKING; WORKING-MEMORY; FOLLOW-UP; LEXICAL DEVELOPMENT; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; NONWORD REPETITION; WORD COMPREHENSION;

D O I：

10.3390/brainsci11050654

中图分类号：

Q189 [神经科学];

学科分类号：

071006 ;

摘要：

Background. Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is frequent in childhood and may have long-term sequelae. By employing an evidence-based approach, this scoping review aims at identifying (a) early predictors of DLD; (b) the optimal age range for the use of screening and diagnostic tools; (c) effective diagnostic tools in preschool children. Methods. We considered systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and primary observational studies with control groups on predictive, sensitivity and specificity values of screening and diagnostic tools and psycholinguistic measures for the assessment of DLD in preschool children. We identified 37 studies, consisting of 10 systematic reviews and 27 primary studies. Results. Delay in gesture production, receptive and/or expressive vocabulary, syntactic comprehension, or word combination up to 30 months emerged as early predictors of DLD, a family history of DLD appeared to be a major risk factor, and low socioeconomic status and environmental input were reported as risk factors with lower predictive power. Optimal time for screening is suggested between age 2 and 3, for diagnosis around age 4. Because of the high variability of sensitivity and specificity values, joint use of standardized and psycholinguistic measures is suggested to increase diagnostic accuracy. Conclusions. Monitoring risk situations and employing caregivers' reports, clinical assessment and multiple linguistic measures are fundamental for an early identification of DLD and timely interventions.

引用

页数：38

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