Walnut (Juglans regia L.) selection in Serbia

The domestic population of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Serbia is highly heterogeneous as a result of many centuries of propagation from seed. This paper describes variation observed in this population over the past four decades. The date of budbreak showed a 50-day range, and the date of leaf drop a 32-day range. Average nut weight ranged from 3.3 g to 29.0 g and the kernel percentage from 26.2% to 64.3%. The number of female flowers per inflorescence ranged from 1 to 32 and the number of nuts per cluster from 1 to 15. The majority of Serbian walnut seedlings had inferior traits, although a few genotypes with excellent traits were also found. Five superior selections have been released as cultivars, and additional selections await official release. To date, over 1,000 ha of orchards have been planted in Serbia using these walnut cultivars and selections.