The allelopathic effect and safety evaluation of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone on Microcystis aeruginosa

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) has been a serious problem in recent years, because of large quantities of cyanobacterial in eutrophic water. We studied the effects of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone (DBL) and other four compounds (vanillic acid, ferulic acid, 3,5-Dichlorophenol and cupric sulfate) on Microcystis aeruginosa. The results showed that the growth of M. aeruginosa was significantly inhibited by all tested compounds with a half maximal effect concentration (EC50) of 5.2, 22.8, 54.7, 1.5, 0.3 mu g/mL, respectively. Our data also demonstrated that DBL triggered the generation of superoxide anion radicals (O-2 center dot The O-2 center dot(-) might induce a lipid peroxidation which may change cell membrane penetrability, thereby leading to the eventual death of M. aeruginosa. In addition, DBL may has few toxic to aquatic species as indicated by its 96 h half maximum lethal concentration value to zebrafish (Danio rerio) was far higher than 128 mu g/mL. Our current study further provides evidence that some phenolic acids such as DBL may be a potential effective solution for aquatic management.