Effectiveness of acupuncture in postoperative ileus: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of acupuncture and common acupoint selection for postoperative ileus (POI). METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing acupuncture and non-acupuncture treatment were identified from the databases PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCO (Academic Source Premier and MEDLINE), Ovid (including Evidence Based Medicine Reviews), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The data from eligible studies were extracted and a Meta-analysis performed using a fixed-effects model. Results were expressed as relative risk (RR) for di-chotomous data, and 95% CI (confidence intervals) were calculated. Each trial was evaluated using the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) and STRICTA (STandards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture) guidelines. The quality of the study was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS: Of the 69 studies screened, eight RCTs were included for review. Among these, four RCTs (with a total of 123 patients in the intervention groups and 124 patients in the control groups) met the criteria for Meta-analysis. The Meta-analysis results indicated that acupuncture combined with usual care showed a significantly higher total effective rate than the control condition (usual care) (RR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01, 1.18; P = 0.02). Zusanli (ST 36) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) were the most common acupoints selected. However, the quality of the studies was generally low, as they did not emphasize the use of blinding. CONCLUSION:The results suggested that acupuncture might be effective in improving POI; however, a definite conclusion could not be drawn because of the low quality of trials. Further large-scale, high-quality randomized clinical trials are needed to validate these findings and to develop a standardized method of treatment. We hope that the present results will lead to improved research, resulting in better patient care worldwide. (C) 2016 JTCM. All rights reserved.