(Bio)leaching Behavior of Chromite Tailings

被引:16
作者
Bolanos-Benitez, Viviana [1 ,2 ,3 ]
van Hullebusch, Eric D. [2 ,3 ]
Lens, Piet N. L. [3 ]
Quantin, Cecile [4 ]
van de Vossenberg, Jack [3 ]
Subramanian, Sankaran [5 ]
Sivry, Yann [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Paris Diderot, Inst Phys Globe Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UMR 7154,CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
[2] Univ Paris Est, EA 4508, UPEM, LGE, F-77454 Marne La Vallee, France
[3] IHE Delft Inst Water Educ, Dept Environm Engn & Water Technol, POB 3015, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands
[4] Univ Paris Sud, CNRS, Univ Paris Saclay, UMR GEOPS 8148, F-91405 Orsay, France
[5] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Mat Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
来源
MINERALS | 2018年 / 8卷 / 06期
关键词
tailings; bioleaching; chromite mine; Cr(VI) reduction; SUKINDA ULTRAMAFIC COMPLEX; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; REDUCTIVE DISSOLUTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; LATERITE TAILINGS; ORGANIC-MATTER; ACIDITHIOBACILLUS; CR(VI);
D O I
10.3390/min8060261
中图分类号
P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];
学科分类号
0708 ; 070902 ;
摘要
Chromite beneficiation operations in Sukinda valley (India) produce large amounts of tailings, which are stored in open air. In this study, bioleaching experiments were carried out in batch reactors with Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans or Pseudomonas putida in order to determine the potential leachability of metals contained in these tailings due to biological activity. Acidic and alkaline pH resulted from the incubation of tailings with A. thiooxidans and P. putida, respectively. Tailings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemical extraction of Cr(VI) with KH2PO4 was performed. Mineralogical investigations showed that tailings are mainly composed of chromite, hematite, lizardite, chlorite, and goethite, which are all known as Cr-bearing phases. During the leaching with A. thiooxidans and P. putida, total Cr was initially extracted as Cr(VI) due to the presence of phosphates in the medium, and subsequently decreased because of Cr(VI) adsorption and reduction to Cr(III). Reduction was associated with bacterial activity, but also with the presence of ferrous iron. Despite the occurrence of siderophores in the tailings after incubation with P. putida, under acidic conditions, Fe extracted remained higher. Extracted Ni, Mn, and Al concentrations also increased over time. Given the significant amount of chromite tailings produced every year, this study shows that tailings storage and leachability represent a potential source of chromium. However, our findings suggest that the presence of bacterial communities, as well as physicochemical processes, favor Cr(VI) reduction.
引用
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页数:23
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