Is Giardia a significant pathogen in production animals?

Although Giardia duodenalis is recognised worldwide as the most important parasitic cause of gastrointestinal disorder in human patients, the relevance of infection in production animals is prone to debate. Since the 1980s, clinical disease has been associated with giardiasis in production animals, both in natural conditions and in experimental studies. However, most Giardia research is focussed on the relevance of production animals as a reservoir for zoonotic transmission. In this study, the current knowledge on clinical relevance of giardiasis in production animals is reviewed, along with the diagnosis, treatment and control of infection. Furthermore, future research objectives are discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.