Regenerative Endodontic Treatment as a Biologically Based Approach for Non-Surgical Retreatment of Immature Teeth

Introduction: The goal of regenerative endodontic treatment (RE I) is to regenerate the pulp dentin complex in immature teeth with pulp necrosis. There is no consensus in using RET in previously treated teeth. This article reports on long-term outcomes of RET in previously treated immature teeth. Methods: Previously treated immature teeth with signs/symptoms of failure were included. After local anesthesia and rubber dam isolation, the root canal filling material was removed without the use of chemical solvents. The root canals were irrigated with 6% sodium hypochlorite using an EndoVac (Kerr Endodontics, Culver City, CA), and a creamy mix of metronidazole and ciprofloxacin was placed in the canals for 4 weeks. At the second visit, the antibiotic dressing was removed using 17% EDTA. Bleeding was induced into the root canal space, and SynOss Putty (Collagen Matrix Inc, Oakland, NJ) was placed. Bioceramic putty was placed over the SynOss Putty, and the teeth were restored at a subsequent visit. Results: Five teeth in 4 patients were included. The patients' ages ranged from 14-46 years. Recall examinations were performed from 20 to 72 months with an average of 54.4 months. The apical openings of the teeth ranged from 1-3.7 mm. All teeth were functional and asymptomatic at the recall visits. All periapical lesions resolved with partial or complete mineralization of the root canals, and all teeth showed partial to complete apical closure at the follow-up visits. Conclusions: RET can be a viable option for nonsurgical retreatment of immature teeth. This article adds a new perspective to the field of regenerative endodontics.