Quantifying the role of immunotherapeutic drug T11 target structure in progression of malignant gliomas: Mathematical modeling and dynamical perspective

The paper describes a mathematical model with synergistic interaction between the malignant glioma cells and the immune system, namely, macrophages, activated Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTLs), the immunosuppressive cytokine Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) and the immuno-stimulatory cytokine Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), using a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We have introduced a new immunotherapeutic, drug T11 Target structure (T11TS) into the model, which boosts the macrophages and CTLs to kill the glioma cells. In our analysis, we have established a criteria for the threshold level of immunotherapeutic drug T11TS for which the system will be gliomas free or tumor free. The analytical findings are supported by numerical simulations using parameters estimated from experimental data. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.