Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical condition characterized by poor gas exchange and bilateral interstitial opacification demonstrated on chest imaging. Despite years of research, the mortality associated with ARDS remains high. Early recognition and treatment of the underlying cause, combined with strategies to reduce ventilator-induced lung injury are key to optimising the likelihood of survival. This article will provide an update on the most recent evidence base on clinical practice, including the use of acute severe respiratory failure bundles and extracorporeal techniques to support lung protective ventilation.