Study of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray composition using Telescope Array's Middle Drum detector and surface array in hybrid mode

被引：140

作者：

Abbasi, R. U. ^{[1
,2
]}

Abe, M. ^{[16
]}

Abu-Zayyad, T. ^{[1
,2
]}

Allen, M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Anderson, R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Azuma, R. ^{[3
]}

Barcikowski, E. ^{[1
,2
]}

Belz, J. W. ^{[1
,2
]}

Bergman, D. R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Blake, S. A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Cady, R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Chae, M. J. ^{[4
,5
]}

Cheon, B. G. ^{[6
,7
]}

Chiba, J. ^{[8
]}

Chikawa, M. ^{[9
]}

Cho, W. R. ^{[35
]}

Fujii, T. ^{[10
]}

Fukushima, M. ^{[10
,11
,12
]}

Goto, T. ^{[13
]}

Hanlon, W. ^{[1
,2
]}

Hayashi, Y. ^{[13
]}

Hayashida, N. ^{[14
]}

Hibino, K. ^{[14
]}

Honda, K. ^{[15
]}

Ikeda, D. ^{[10
]}

Inoue, N. ^{[16
]}

Ishii, T. ^{[15
]}

Ishimori, R. ^{[3
]}

Ito, H. ^{[17
]}

Ivanov, D. ^{[1
,2
]}

Jui, C. C. H. ^{[1
,2
]}

Kadota, K. ^{[19
]}

Kakimoto, F. ^{[3
]}

Kalashev, O. ^{[20
]}

Kasahara, K. ^{[21
]}

Kawai, H. ^{[22
]}

Kawakami, S. ^{[13
]}

Kawana, S. ^{[16
]}

Kawata, K. ^{[10
]}

Kido, E. ^{[10
]}

Kim, H. B. ^{[6
,7
]}

Kim, J. H. ^{[1
,2
,28
]}

Kitamura, S. ^{[3
]}

Kitamura, Y. ^{[3
]}

Kuzmin, V. ^{[20
]}

Kwong, Y. J. ^{[35
]}

Lan, J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Lim, S. ^{[4
,5
]}

Lundquist, J. P. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA

[2] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA

[3] Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan

[4] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea

[5] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Univ, Seoul, South Korea

[6] Hanyang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 133791, South Korea

[7] Hanyang Univ, Res Inst Nat Sci, Seoul 133791, South Korea

[8] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Noda, Chiba, Japan

[9] Kinki Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka, Japan

[10] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan

[11] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan

[12] Univ Tokyo, Todai Inst Adv Study, Math Univ WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan

[13] Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Osaka, Japan

[14] Kanagawa Univ, Fac Engn, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

[15] Univ Yamanashi, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Med & Engn, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan

[16] Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama, Saitama, Japan

[17] RIKEN, Astrophys Big Bang Lab, Wako, Saitama, Japan

[18] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ USA

[19] Tokyo City Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo, Japan

[20] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia

[21] Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo, Japan

[22] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba, Chiba, Japan

[23] KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

[24] Kochi Univ, Fac Sci, Kochi, Kochi, Japan

[25] Ritsumeikan Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Shiga, Japan

[26] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon, South Korea

[27] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Phys Thear, Brussels, Belgium

[28] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Nat Sci, Dept Phys, Ulsan, South Korea

[29] Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan

[30] Hiroshima City Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan

[31] RIKEN, Adv Sci Inst, Wako, Saitama, Japan

[32] Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Chiba, Chiba, Japan

[33] Ehime Univ, Dept Phys, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan

[34] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia

[35] Yonsei Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea

来源：

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS | 2015年 / 64卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 新加坡国家研究基金会; 日本学术振兴会;

关键词：

Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays; Cosmic ray composition; Atmospheric fluorescence; Extensive air shower array; Hybrid; Telescope Array; SPECTRUM;

D O I：

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.11.004

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Previous measurements of the composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) made by the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) and Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) are seemingly contradictory, but utilize different detection methods, as HiRes was a stereo detector and PAO is a hybrid detector. The five year Telescope Array (TA) Middle Drum hybrid composition measurement is similar in some, but not all, respects in methodology to PAO, and good agreement is evident between data and a light, largely protonic, composition when comparing the measurements to predictions obtained with the QGSJetII-03 and QGSJet-01 c models. These models are also in agreement with previous HiRes stereo measurements, confirming the equivalence of the stereo and hybrid methods. The data is incompatible with a pure iron composition, for all models examined, over the available range of energies. The elongation rate and mean values of X-max are in good agreement with Pierre Auger Observatory data. This analysis is presented using two methods: data cuts using simple geometrical variables and a new pattern recognition technique. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：49 / 62

页数：14

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