Genetics of thyroid autoimmunity and the role of the TSHR

被引：51
作者：
Brand, O. J. [1 ]
Gough, S. C. L. [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Birmingham, Inst Biomed Res, Coll Med & Dent Sci, Sch Clin & Expt Med, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
[2] Univ Hosp Birmingham NHS Fdn Trust, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
来源：
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY | 2010年 / 322卷 / 1-2期
关键词：
Autoimmune disease; HLA; CTLA4; PTPN22 and TSHR; LYMPHOID TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE; THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR GENE; STIMULATING HORMONE-RECEPTOR; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; GRAVES-DISEASE; HUMAN THYMUS; MESSENGER-RNA; CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVITY; TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN; EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN;
D O I：
10.1016/j.mce.2010.01.013
中图分类号：
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号：
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要：
Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) make up the autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), with classical clinical characteristics arising as a result of environmental factors in people who are genetically predisposed. Three gene regions consistently associated with AITD include the Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) region, CTLA4 and PTPN22. which represent general autoimmune risk loci and encode molecules vital for correct immune system function. AITD patients in addition are likely to carry at least one thyroid specific susceptibility locus. Recent genetic studies have refined association of the TSHR with GD to within a 40 kb region including intron 1, of the TSHR itself, with preliminary evidence to suggest altered mRNA isoform expression. These findings, combined with previous functional data demonstrating that the TSHR A-subunit is the primary autoantigenic region, suggests novel mechanisms for the onset of GD and a potential therapeutic target. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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收藏
页码：135 / 143
页数：9
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