The Relationship between Self-efficacy and GPA: The Roles of Academic Engagement and Time Management

The aim of this research was to examine the predictors of grade point average (GPA) among university students. To this end, university students self-efficacy beliefs, their academic engagement and time management skills were focused. 304 university students from various departments participated in the research. Results showed that the relationship between self-efficacy and GPA was fully mediated by academic engagement. Moreover, time management moderated self-efficacy academic engagement relationship. The moderated mediation hypothesis was also supported; the mediated relationship between self-efficacy, academic engagement and GPA was significant only at the high levels of time management. The contribution of these findings to our understanding of factors related to GPA and their interactive effects was discussed.