Biochar in temperate soils: opportunities and challenges

被引:19
作者
Levesque, Vicky [1 ]
Oelbermann, Maren [2 ]
Ziadi, Noura [3 ]
机构
[1] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Kentville Res & Dev Ctr, 32 Main St, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada
[2] Univ Waterloo, Sch Environm Resources & Sustainabil, 200 Univ Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
[3] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Quebec Res & Dev Ctr, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd, Quebec City, PQ G1V 2J3, Canada
关键词
soil health; soil quality; crop resilience; carbon sequestration; biochar aging; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; FAST PYROLYSIS BIOCHAR; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; BLACK CARBON; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE; PLANT PRODUCTIVITY; SORPTION BEHAVIOR; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY;
D O I
10.1139/cjss-2021-0047
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Biochar, a carbon (C)-rich material produced by the pyrolysis of organic residues, is frequently used as a soil amendment to enhance soil fertility and improve soil properties in tropical climates. However, in temperate agriculture, the impact of biochar on soil and plant productivity remains uncertain. The objective of this review is to give an overview of the challenges and opportunities of using biochar as an amendment in temperate soils. Among the various challenges, the type of feedstock and the conditions during pyrolysis produces biochars with different chemical and physical properties, resulting in contrasting effects on soils and crops. Furthermore, biochar aging, biochar application rates, and its co-application with mineral fertilizer and (or) organic amendments add further complexity to our understanding of the soil-amendment-plant continuum. Although its benefits on crop yield are not yet well demonstrated under field studies, other agronomic benefits of biochar in temperate agriculture have been documented. In this review, we proposed a broader view of biochar as a temperate soil amendment, moving beyond our current focus on crop productivity, and instead target its capacity to improve soil properties. We explored biochar's benefits in remediating low-productive agricultural lands and its environmental benefits through long-term C sequestration and reduced nutrient leaching while curtailing our reliance on fertilizer input. We also discussed the persistence of beneficial impacts of biochar in temperate field conditions. We concluded that biochar displays great prospective to improve soil health and its productivity, enhance plant stress resilience, mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, and restore degraded soils in temperate agriculture.
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页码:1 / 26
页数:26
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