Fcγ receptor polymorphisms and their association with periodontal disease: a meta-analysis

Aim: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted in order to investigate the potential association of Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) polymorphisms with susceptibility to aggressive and chronic periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: A database search yielded a total of 17 studies involving 1685 cases and 1570 controls. Three polymorphisms were included in the meta-analysis: Fc gamma RIIA H131R (rs1801274), Fc gamma RIIIA F158V (rs396991) and Fc gamma RIIIB NA1/NA2. Random-effect models were used in the analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to compare the distribution of alleles and genotypes between cases and controls. Results and Conclusions: The Fc gamma RIIIB NA1/NA2 polymorphism was associated with both aggressive (per-allele OR 2.005, 95% CI: 1.044, 3.851) and chronic periodontitis (recessive contrast NA2NA2 versus NA1NA1+NA1NA2 OR 1.397, 95% CI: 1.039, 1.878). The analysis showed weak evidence for association between the Fc gamma RIIA H131R polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis in Asians (R versus H allele OR 1.579, 95% CI: 1.025, 2.432). On the contrary, no relationship was identified between Fc gamma RIIIA F158V and periodontal disease. Accumulating evidence from basic research makes the suggested association between Fc gamma RIIIB NA1/NA2 polymorphism and periodontitis biologically plausible. Further research, however, is needed in order to assess possible gene-gene or gene-environment interactions (i.e. with smoking).