Hot carriers in graphene - fundamentals and applications

被引:105
作者
Massicotte, Mathieu [1 ,2 ]
Soavi, Giancarlo [3 ,4 ]
Principi, Alessandro [5 ]
Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan [6 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sherbrooke, Inst Quant, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada
[2] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Phys, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada
[3] Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Inst Solid State Phys, D-07743 Jena, Germany
[4] Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Abbe Ctr Photon, D-07745 Jena, Germany
[5] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England
[6] Catalan Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol ICN2, BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona 08193, Spain
[7] CSIC, Campus UAB, Barcelona 08193, Spain
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 欧盟地平线“2020”; 欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
NEGATIVE DIFFERENTIAL CONDUCTANCE; DER-WAALS HETEROSTRUCTURES; P-N-JUNCTION; HIGH-RESPONSIVITY; THERMIONIC EMISSION; TERAHERTZ DETECTION; SATURABLE ABSORBER; ELECTRON-EMISSION; THERMOELECTRIC TRANSPORT; NONEQUILIBRIUM ELECTRON;
D O I
10.1039/d0nr09166a
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Hot charge carriers in graphene exhibit fascinating physical phenomena, whose understanding has improved greatly over the past decade. They have distinctly different physical properties compared to, for example, hot carriers in conventional metals. This is predominantly the result of graphene's linear energy-momentum dispersion, its phonon properties, its all-interface character, and the tunability of its carrier density down to very small values, and from electron- to hole-doping. Since a few years, we have witnessed an increasing interest in technological applications enabled by hot carriers in graphene. Of particular interest are optical and optoelectronic applications, where hot carriers are used to detect (photodetection), convert (nonlinear photonics), or emit (luminescence) light. Graphene-enabled systems in these application areas could find widespread use and have a disruptive impact, for example in the field of data communication, high-frequency electronics, and industrial quality control. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the most relevant physics and working principles that are relevant for applications exploiting hot carriers in graphene.
引用
收藏
页码:8376 / 8411
页数:36
相关论文
共 354 条
[71]   Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics [J].
Dean, C. R. ;
Young, A. F. ;
Meric, I. ;
Lee, C. ;
Wang, L. ;
Sorgenfrei, S. ;
Watanabe, K. ;
Taniguchi, T. ;
Kim, P. ;
Shepard, K. L. ;
Hone, J. .
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2010, 5 (10) :722-726
[72]   Second harmonic generation from graphene and graphitic films [J].
Dean, Jesse J. ;
van Driel, Henry M. .
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 2009, 95 (26)
[73]   Grating-Graphene Metamaterial as a Platform for Terahertz Nonlinear Photonics [J].
Deinert, Jan-Christoph ;
Alcaraz Iranzo, David ;
Perez, Raul ;
Jia, Xiaoyu ;
Hafez, Hassan A. ;
Ilyakov, Igor ;
Awari, Nilesh ;
Chen, Min ;
Bawatna, Mohammed ;
Ponomaryov, Alexey N. ;
Germanskiy, Semyon ;
Bonn, Mischa ;
Koppens, Frank H. L. ;
Turchinovich, Dmitry ;
Gensch, Michael ;
Kovalev, Sergey ;
Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan .
ACS NANO, 2021, 15 (01) :1145-1154
[74]   Nonequilibrium electron dynamics in noble metals [J].
Del Fatti, N ;
Voisin, C ;
Achermann, M ;
Tzortzakis, S ;
Christofilos, D ;
Vallée, F .
PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 2000, 61 (24) :16956-16966
[75]   Real-time optical mapping of the dynamics of nonthermal electrons in thin gold films [J].
Della Valle, G. ;
Conforti, M. ;
Longhi, S. ;
Cerullo, G. ;
Brida, D. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 2012, 86 (15)
[76]  
Di Castro C., 2015, Statistical mechanics and applications in condensed matter
[77]   Thermoelectric effects in graphene nanostructures [J].
Dollfus, Philippe ;
Viet Hung Nguyen ;
Saint-Martin, Jerome .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER, 2015, 27 (13)
[78]   High-Field Electrical and Thermal Transport in Suspended Graphene [J].
Dorgan, Vincent E. ;
Behnam, Ashkan ;
Conley, Hiram J. ;
Bolotin, Kirill I. ;
Pop, Eric .
NANO LETTERS, 2013, 13 (10) :4581-4586
[79]   Measuring the nonlinear refractive index of graphene using the optical Kerr effect method [J].
Dremetsika, Evdokia ;
Dlubak, Bruno ;
Gorza, Simon-Pierre ;
Ciret, Charles ;
Martin, Marie-Blandine ;
Hofmann, Stephan ;
Seneor, Pierre ;
Dolfi, Daniel ;
Massar, Serge ;
Emplit, Philippe ;
Kockaert, Pascal .
OPTICS LETTERS, 2016, 41 (14) :3281-3284
[80]  
DU X, 2014, J LOW TEMP PHYS, V1, P1