Nitrogen mineralization and availability of mixed leguminous and non-leguminous cover crop residues in soil

被引:133
作者
Kuo, S [1 ]
Sainju, UM [1 ]
机构
[1] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA
关键词
nitrogen mineralization; crop residues; nitrogen leaching; cover crops; Secale cereale;
D O I
10.1007/s003740050387
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Whereas non-leguminous cover crops such as cereal rye (Secale cereale) or annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorium) are capable of reducing nitrogen (N) leaching during wet seasons, leguminous cover crops such as hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) improve soil N fertility for succeeding crops. With mixtures of grasses and legumes as cover crop, the goal of reducing N leaching while increasing soil N availability for crop production could be attainable. This study examined net N mineralization of soil treated with hairy vetch residues mixed with either cereal rye or annual ryegrass and the effect of these mixtures on growth and N uptake by cereal rye. Both cereal rye and annual ryegrass contained low total N, but high water-soluble carbon and carbohydrate, compared with hairy vetch. Decreasing the proportion of hairy vetch in the mixed residues decreased net N mineralization, rye plant growth and N uptake, but increased the crossover time (the time when the amount of net N mineralized in the residue-amended soil equalled that of the non-amended control) required for net N mineralization to occur. When the hairy vetch content was decreased to 40% or lower, net N immobilization in the first week of incubation increased markedly. Residue N was significantly correlated with rye biomass (r=0.81, P<0.01) and N uptake (r=0.83, P<0.001), although the correlation was much higher between residue N and the potential initial N mineralization rate for rye biomass (r=0.93, P<0.001) and N uptake (r=0.99, P<0.001). Judging from the effects of the mixed residues on rye N Concentration and N uptake, the proportion of rye or annual ryegrass when mixed with residues of hairy vetch should not exceed 60% if the residues are to increase N availability. Further study is needed to examine the influence of various mixtures of hairy vetch and rye or annual ryegrass on N leaching in soil.
引用
收藏
页码:346 / 353
页数:8
相关论文
共 33 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], 1993, SOIL SAMPLING METHOD
[2]   CROP RESIDUE TYPE AND PLACEMENT EFFECTS ON DENITRIFICATION AND MINERALIZATION [J].
AULAKH, MS ;
DORAN, JW ;
WALTERS, DT ;
MOSIER, AR ;
FRANCIS, DD .
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL, 1991, 55 (04) :1020-1025
[3]  
Bremner J. M., 1996, Methods of soil analysis. Part 3 - chemical methods., P1085
[4]  
BRINK ROBERT H., 1960, SOIL SCI, V89, P157, DOI 10.1097/00010694-196003000-00006
[5]   LEGUME COVER CROP CONTRIBUTIONS TO NO-TILLAGE CORN PRODUCTION [J].
DECKER, AM ;
CLARK, AJ ;
MEISINGER, JJ ;
MULFORD, FR ;
MCINTOSH, MS .
AGRONOMY JOURNAL, 1994, 86 (01) :126-135
[6]   EFFECT OF TILLAGE, CROPPING, AND FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT ON SOIL-NITROGEN MINERALIZATION POTENTIAL [J].
ELHARIS, MK ;
COCHRAN, VL ;
ELLIOTT, LF ;
BEZDICEK, DF .
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL, 1983, 47 (06) :1157-1161
[7]   KINETIC-PARAMETERS OF NITROGEN MINERALIZATION RATES OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS INCORPORATED INTO SOIL [J].
FRANKENBERGER, WT ;
ABDELMAGID, HM .
PLANT AND SOIL, 1985, 87 (02) :257-271
[8]  
Frye W. W., 1988, ASA Special Publication, American Society of Agronomy, P129
[9]  
Goering H. K., 1970, AGR HDB USDA, V379
[10]  
Gupta U.C, 1982, SOIL BIOCH, VIII, P91