Dermatological manifestations of Hughes' antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

The dermatological manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) may be the presenting features of APS syndrome. They are extremely diverse and heterogeneous, ranging from minor signs to life-threatening conditions such as widespread cutaneous necrosis. Their clinical significance is highly variable. Livedo reticularis is strongly associated with the arterial and microangiopathic subtypes of APS. Scientific data are required to determine the optimum management of these patients, who might benefit from recently developed antithrombotic agents. Lupus (2010) 19, 1071-1077.