Effects of an alternative reinforcer on intravenous heroin self-administration by humans

被引:69
作者
Comer, SD
Collins, ED
Wilson, ST
Donovan, MR
Foltin, RW
Fischman, MW
机构
[1] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, Div Subst Abuse, New York, NY 10032 USA
[2] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10032 USA
关键词
heroin; (human); opioid; performance; progressive ratio; self-administration; subjective effect;
D O I
10.1016/S0014-2999(97)01572-0
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
Five heroin-dependent research volunteers, maintained on divided daily oral morphine doses, participated in an inpatient study designed to evaluate intravenous (i.v.) heroin self-administration when money ($10, $20 or $40) was concurrently available. Each morning participants received a single injection of heroin (placebo, 6.25, 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/70 kg, i.v.) and each afternoon, they had the opportunity to self-administer all or part of the morning dose. Participants responded under a progressive-ratio schedule (50, 100, ..., 2800) during a 10-trial self-administration task. During each trial, participants could respond for 1/10th of the sampled heroin dose or 1/10th of a single money value. The progressive-ratio value increased independently for each option. The total amount of heroin and/or money chosen during the self-administration task was administered at the end of the task. Heroin dose-dependently increased ratings of 'good drug effect' and 'high', impaired task performance and decreased pupil diameter and blood oxygen saturation. Heroin also dose-dependently increased progressive-ratio break point values, which varied as a function of the alternative money amount. Consistent with previous studies, the present results demonstrate that alternative reinforcers, depending on magnitude, are effective in reducing heroin use in opioid-dependent individuals. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:13 / 26
页数:14
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