[1] Univ Glasgow, Sch Math & Stat, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland
[2] Scottish COVID 19 Response Consortium, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[3] UKHSA, Analyt & Data Sci, Salisbury, Wilts, England
[4] Univ Cambridge, MRC Biostat Unit, Cambridge, England
[5] Imperial Coll London, Ctr Environm Policy, London, England
[6] Alan Turing Inst, London, England
[7] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter, Devon, England
[8] Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Publ Hlth, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
[9] Univ Cambridge, Stat Lab, Cambridge, England
[10] Univ Durham, Dept Math Sci, Stockton Rd, Durham, England
[11] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[12] Biomath & Stat Scotland, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[13] Univ Exeter, Coll Med & Hlth, Exeter, Devon, England
[14] Univ Manchester, Dept Math, Manchester, Lancs, England
[15] Manchester Univ NHS Fdn Trust, Clin Data Sci Unit, Manchester, Lancs, England
[16] Joint UNIv Pandem & Epidemiol Res, Cambridge, England
[17] Univ Oxford, Big Data Inst, Oxford, England
[18] Univ Oxford, Queen S Coll, Oxford, England
[19] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol & Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, State Coll, PA 16802 USA
[20] Funda Oswaldo Cruz, Program Sci Comp, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil