Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with depressive disorder admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit: A comparison with healthy controls

Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among inpatients with depressive disorders and matched healthy controls. Method: One hundred fifty eight patients with depressive disorders and 52 age and gender matched healthy controls were assessed for the prevalence of MS using Common Criteria for MS. Results: Prevalence of Metabolic syndrome among inpatients with depressive disorders was 44.3%, which was significantly higher than the healthy control group (17.3%). Increased waist circumference was the most common abnormality in both the groups. Prevalence of MS among patients with recurrent depression disorder (60.3%) was almost double that seen among those with first episode depression (32.6%). Compared to healthy controls, significantly greater proportion of patients with depressive disorders had increased blood pressure, abnormal fasting blood sugar, and HDL levels. Besides the prevalence of MS in 44.3% of patients with depressive disorders, another 46% of patients fulfilled one or two criteria of MS. Significant predictors of MS were being married, obese, greater age, higher weight, higher body mass index, and multiple episodes of depression. Conclusions: Nearly two-fifth of depressed patients have MS and another two-fifth of patients had one or two abnormalities in the MS criteria. The prevalence of MS among patients with depressive disorders is significantly higher than the healthy controls. Hence, patients with depressive disorders should be regularly evaluated for the presence of MS and other cardiovascular risk factors and appropriate management strategies must be instituted at the earliest. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.