Investigating the Human Errors in 4D BIM Construction Scheduling

Four-dimensional building information modeling (4D-BIM or 4D scheduling) is well known to benefit the construction industry in many ways. 4D-BIM is an effective scheduling technique which integrates traditional scheduling methods and advanced visualization of the construction sequences in a 3D environment. Despite the potential benefits of 4D-BIM to improve scheduling quality, errors still often occur in construction schedules. The objective of this research is to understand the association between human errors and computer-aided scheduling. This paper focuses on examining the current practices of 4D-scheduling to gain insights on potential errors during the process of scheduling. Furthermore, the paper discusses a set of root causes of scheduling errors based on different types of human errors in cognition error theories. The research determined human errors through an integrated approach of literature review and a survey. The results of this study are expected to provide new knowledge about what human errors that commonly occur during the scheduling processing using BIM and their root causes.