Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema in COVID-19 pneumonia: a rare case and literature review

被引：68

作者：

Elhakim, Tarig Sami ^{[1
,2
]}

Abdul, Haleem S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Romero, Carlos Pelaez ^{[1
,2
]}

Rodriguez-Fuentes, Yoandy ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Nova Southeastern Univ, Dept Med Educ, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA

[2] Kendall Reg Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Miami, FL USA

来源：

BMJ CASE REPORTS | 2020年 / 13卷 / 12期

关键词：

infectious diseases; pneumonia (infectious disease); pneumomediastinum; respiratory medicine; CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; MEDIASTINAL EMPHYSEMA; UNUSUAL COMPLICATION; INFLUENZA; PNEUMOPERICARDIUM; PATIENT; WUHAN;

D O I：

10.1136/bcr-2020-239489

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) and pneumothorax (PNX) unrelated to positive pressure ventilation has been recently reported as an unusual complication in cases of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The presumed pathophysiological mechanism is diffuse alveolar injury leading to alveolar rupture and air leak. We present a case of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated on day 13 post admission by SPM, PNX and subcutaneous emphysema in a patient with no identifiable risk factors for such complication. The patient received medical treatment for his COVID-19 infection without the use of an invasive or non-invasive ventilator. Moreover, he is a non-smoker with no lung comorbidities and never reported a cough. He was eventually discharged home in stable condition. A comprehensive literature review revealed 15 cases of SPM developing in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

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