Pulmonary Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis: A 22-Year, Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study

被引:13
作者
Fichman, Vivian [1 ]
Mota-Damasceno, Caroline Graca [1 ]
Procopio-Azevedo, Anna Carolina [2 ]
Almeida-Silva, Fernando [2 ]
de Macedo, Priscila Marques [1 ]
Medeiros, Denise Machado [3 ]
Astacio, Guis Saint-Martin [4 ]
Zancope-Oliveira, Rosely Maria [2 ]
Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo [2 ]
Freitas, Dayvison Francis Saraiva [1 ]
Gutierrez-Galhardo, Maria Clara [1 ]
机构
[1] Oswaldo Cruz Fdn FIOCRUZ, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis INI, Lab Clin Res Infect Dermatol, BR-21040360 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[2] Oswaldo Cruz Fdn FIOCRUZ, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis INI, Lab Mycol, BR-21040360 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[3] Oswaldo Cruz Fdn FIOCRUZ, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis INI, Med Serv, BR-21040360 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[4] Oswaldo Cruz Fdn FIOCRUZ, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis INI, Image Serv, BR-21040360 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
关键词
pulmonary sporotrichosis; Sporothrix brasiliensis; zoonotic transmission; AIDS; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; SERIES; BRAZIL; MANAGEMENT; SCHENCKII; EPIDEMIC; UPDATE;
D O I
10.3390/jof8050536
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Pulmonary sporotrichosis is a rare condition. It can present as a primary pulmonary disease, resulting from direct Sporothrix species (spp). conidia inhalation, or as part of multifocal sporotrichosis with multiple organ involvement, mainly in immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics and clinical course of patients with positive cultures for Sporothrix spp. from pulmonary specimens (sputum and/or bronchoalveolar lavage) at a reference center in an area hyperendemic for zoonotic sporotrichosis. The clinical records of these patients were reviewed. Fourteen patients were included, and Sporothrix brasiliensis was identified in all cases. Disseminated sporotrichosis was the clinical presentation in 92.9% of cases, and primary pulmonary sporotrichosis accounted for 7.1%. Comorbidities included human immunodeficiency virus infection (78.6%), alcoholism (71.4%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (14.3%). Treatment with amphotericin B followed by itraconazole was the preferred regimen and was prescribed in 92.9% of cases. Sporotrichosis-related death occurred in 42.9% while 35.7% of patients were cured. In five cases there was a probable contamination from upper airway lesions. Despite the significant increase in sporotrichosis cases, pulmonary sporotrichosis remains rare. The treatment of disseminated sporotrichosis is typically difficult. Prompt diagnosis and identification of all affected organs are crucial for better prognosis.
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页数:11
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