Protective effect of Apium Graveolens seeds (Celery Seeds) extract against Gentamicin-induced Hepatorenal toxicity in rats

The current study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of Apium graveolens seeds (celery seeds) extract against gentamicin (G)-induced renal and hepatic toxicity. Fifty four albino rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups. Group I, control group (C); Group II: was intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg BW of 80% gentamicin (G);Group III: was orally administered with250 mg/kg BW of hexanic extract (HE) of celery (in liquid paraffin);Group IV: was orally administered with ethanolic extract (EE) of celery(250 mg/kg BW in 0.9 % NaCl solution); Group V:was pre-treated with HE as in group III for 2 weeks, then they were cotreated with HE along with gentamicin treatment as in group II for additional 2 weeks; Group VI: was pre-treated with EE as in group III for 2 weeks, then co-treated with EE along with gentamicin treatment as in group II for additional- 2 weeks (G+EE). Treatment was continued for 4 weeks day after day. Gentamicin increased ALT, total protein, urea, creatinine, sodium and MDA, while decreased potassium and GSH with no effect on AST, albumin or glucose compared to control group. Moreover, gentamicin increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha while decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta expressions in renal tissue. Gentamicin induced renal and hepatic tissue alterations including atrophy of glomerular tuft with increased Bowman's space, necrosis of glomerular cells with pyknotic nuclei, cloudy swelling of renal tubules with inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion of hepatic central vein with necrosis of the lining intimal cells, coagulative necrosis around central vein, fatty degeneration of hepatocytes. Treatment with HE or EE of celery seeds significantly reversed all of these biochemical and histological alterations. In Conclusion: The present study reveals the protective role of A. graveolens extract against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.