Impact of circadian misalignment on energy metabolism during simulated nightshift work

被引:246
作者
McHill, Andrew W. [1 ]
Melanson, Edward L. [2 ,3 ]
Higgins, Janine [5 ]
Connick, Elizabeth [4 ]
Moehlman, Thomas M. [1 ]
Stothard, Ellen R. [1 ]
Wright, Kenneth P., Jr. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Physiol, Sleep & Chronobiol Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[2] Univ Colorado, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
[3] Univ Colorado, Div Geriatr Med, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
[4] Univ Colorado, Div Infect Dis, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
[5] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
关键词
insufficient sleep; melatonin; diet-induced thermogenesis; eating at night; appetite; FOOD-INTAKE; SHIFT WORK; LEPTIN LEVELS; BODY-MASS; SLEEP; EXPENDITURE; LIGHT; MEN; CORTISOL; GLUCOSE;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1412021111
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Eating at a time when the internal circadian clock promotes sleep is a novel risk factor for weight gain and obesity, yet little is known about mechanisms by which circadian misalignment leads to metabolic dysregulation in humans. We studied 14 adults in a 6-d inpatient simulated shiftwork protocol and quantified changes in energy expenditure, macronutrient utilization, appetitive hormones, sleep, and circadian phase during day versus nightshift work. We found that total daily energy expenditure increased by similar to 4% on the transition day to the first nightshift, which consisted of an afternoon nap and extended wakefulness, whereas total daily energy expenditure decreased by similar to 3% on each of the second and third nightshift days, which consisted of daytime sleep followed by afternoon and nighttime wakefulness. Contrary to expectations, energy expenditure decreased by similar to 12-16% during scheduled daytime sleep opportunities despite disturbed sleep. The thermic effect of feeding also decreased in response to a late dinner on the first nightshift. Total daily fat utilization increased on the first and second nightshift days, contrary to expectations, and carbohydrate and protein utilization were reduced on the second nightshift day. Ratings of hunger were decreased during nightshift days despite decreases in 24-h levels of the satiety hormones leptin and peptide-YY. Findings suggest that reduced total daily energy expenditure during nightshift schedules and reduced energy expenditure in response to dinner represent contributing mechanisms by which humans working and eating during the biological night, when the circadian clock is promoting sleep, may increase the risk of weight gain and obesity.
引用
收藏
页码:17302 / 17307
页数:6
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