Multiple Intraosseous Lipomatosis-A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

Background: Intraosseous lipomatosis is a rare and uncommon entity with only a few cases reported in the literature. Case Report: We report a severe case where post traumatic radiographs showed multiple cystic osseous lesions and a pathological fracture. The findings were expanded with whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which showed multiple osseous lesions with typical MRI characteristics of intraosseous lipomas. Conclusion: Our case, together with very few other cases described in the literature, emphasizes that multiple intraosseous lipomatosis is an important differential diagnosis for multiple radiolucent lesions on plain radiographs. Multiple intraosseous lipomatosis can lead to pathological fractures and severe impairment of life quality. The presence of well-defined, osteolytic lesions in the bone calls for an MRI or computed tomography scan.