Regeneration of mandibular condyle following unilateral condylectomy in canines

Purpose: The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate regeneration of the mandibular condyle after unilateral condylectomy in canines. Material and methods: Five 2-year-old beagle dogs underwent unilateral mandibular condylectomy and were sacrificed either immediately postoperatively (n = 1) or 3 months later (n = 4). Temporomandibular joints were examined radiologically and histologically, and sides were compared. Results: All joints showed postoperative regeneration of the condylar head. Maximum regeneration of the condyle occurred medially, where most bone of the glenoid fossa was present, rather than laterally. From an anteroposterior perspective, regeneration of the condylar head was more favourable anteriorly, facing the inferior slope of the glenoid fossa. Regenerated articular cartilage was irregular. Articular discs displayed central thickening compared with unoperated joints. The bone of the glenoid fossa was normal. Conclusion: Unilateral mandibular condylectomy in canines resulted in a certain degree of condylar regeneration during a 3-month postoperative period, with some irregular articular cartilage formation. (C) 2004 European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery.