Simulation Techniques for Evaluating Smart Logistics Solutions for Sustainable Urban Distribution

Smart logistics solutions have been developed in order to alleviate the adverse impacts of increasing goods' transport in urban areas. However, the outcome can be questioned, unless proper assessment is conducted to compare impacts during or after implementing these solutions. Simulation has been proved as valuable tool to assess impacts of the logistics solutions, before their actual implementation in the field, and support the decision making process. This study contributes in presenting the current state of practice in modeling smart logistics solutions, provides a roadmap in simulation techniques for urban freight transport solutions and improves the knowledge around the patterns currently followed. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.