Penetrating sealants for concrete bridge decks-selection procedure

The major parameter controlling the effectiveness of penetrating sealants as a means of protecting concrete bridge deck surface is the depth of penetration. The factors affecting the depth of sealant penetration are identified both through a fundamental approach and with reference to the literature on penetrating sealants, concrete deterioration, durability, and permeability. Penetration properties and the use of silane and siloxane as concrete surface sealers are discussed. The effects of surface cleaning methods and the drying period are discussed. Penetrating sealants are effective if proper surface cleaning and application procedures are employed. However, moisture state within the first 6-mm depth controls the depth of sealant penetration. Thus, the factors that affect the drying period before sealant application are identified. Penetrating sealants selection procedure incorporating available test methods is outlined based on the knowledge gained through the fundamental studies of flow phenomenon and literature.