A direct approach for approximate optimal control of integro-differential equations based on homotopy analysis and parametrization method

This paper contributes a suitable hybrid iterative scheme for solving optimal control problems governed by integro-differential equations. The technique is based upon homotopy analysis and parametrization methods. Comparison of the obtained results of the proposed method with other methods shows that the method is reliable and capable of providing analytic treatment for solving such equations. Convergence analysis is presented. Some illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method.