Cicero?s duties and Adam Smith?s sentiments: how Smith adapts Cicero?s account of self-interest, virtue, and justice

In this article, I explore the complex and unappreciated relationship between the moral and political thought of Cicero and Adam Smith. Cicero?s views about justice, propriety, and the selfish love of praise find new expression in Smith?s Theory of Moral Sentiments. I illustrate the important ways in which Smith adopts ? often without attribution ? Cicero?s precepts and moral judgments. I then go on to demonstrate how Smith strips those Ciceronian conclusions from their original justifying grounds in teleology and natural law. In their place, Smith injects his own psychology based in sentiments as a new account of why it is that we prefer virtue and justice to their opposites. By exploring this relationship, I hope to shed light on an important dynamic whereby modern thought has creatively adapted classical moral and political concepts.