Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 5 (SNHG5) Regulates Proliferation, Differentiation, and Apoptosis of K562 Cells in Chronic Myeliod Leukemia

Background: Human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder with high malignant and invasive activity. lncRNA SNHG5 has been reported to be upregulated in CML However, whether it affects the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in CML cells is still unknown. This study investigated the role of SNHG5 in CML and revealed the potential mechanism. Material/Methods: K562 cells were transfected with shRNA, and the expression level of SNHG5 was assessd by quantitative RT- PCR. The proliferation ability was determined by CCK-8 assay. Western blot analysis was performed to detect protein expressions related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. The DNA methylation level was determined by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Results: Our results show that inhibition of SNHG5 induced by RNA interference significantly inhibits K562 cells pro- liferation and induces cell differentiation with the increased expression of CD42b, CD11b, CD14, GATA-1, and beta-globin. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that inhibition of SNHG5 significantly induced cell apoptosis with decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax and cleaved capase-3. Additionally, Western blot and MSP analyses confirmed that inhibition of SNHG5 increased the expression of DR4 gene through suppressing its methylation. Conclusions: Inhibition of SNHG5 suppressed K562 cell proliferation through inducing the differentiation and apoptosis by inhibiting methylation of DR4. Therefore, downregulated SNHG5 could play a key role in CML progression, and might provide a new strategy for the treatment of CML.